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What Will This Copper Look Like Later? Forecasting Surface Appearance and Rendering It as a PBR Material

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 28, 2026 · UTC

Digital design requires predicting how a metal surface will look later in its oxidation; this paper presents such a pipeline for copper. Given a fixed-camera observation, the system forecasts appearance 10 accelerated units ahead and converts it into the albedo, normal, roughness and metallic maps a renderer consumes. Forecasting is evaluated as an authoring tool would use it, on a copper specimen the system has not observed: an entire recording is held out, so training and checkpoint selection use one specimen and the test set is the whole of a second, recorded on a different day and conditio

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