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Lightweight Adaptation of General-Purpose VLMs for Multispectral and SAR Image Understanding

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 2, 2026 · UTC

General-purpose vision-language models (VLMs) now support strong visual recognition, instruction following, and generation. However, most pretrained visual encoders are built around three-channel natural images and do not directly accommodate observations such as native multispectral measurements or synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Adapting VLMs to these sensors typically requires dedicated encoders and domain pretraining, slowing the reuse of stronger general-purpose checkpoints. We show that the multi-image interface of general-purpose VLMs offers a lightweight alternative. Our protocol rende

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