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RailSyn: Diagnosis-Guided Image Generation for Traceable Data Completion in Railway Foreign Object Detection

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 31, 2026 · UTC

Railway foreign object detection (RFOD) is critical to safe railway operation, yet scarce real positive samples incompletely represent task-relevant variations in object scale, intrusion relation, railway scene, illumination, and adverse weather. Existing synthetic augmentation can improve RFOD detection, but its gains lack an explicit account of the task-relevant deficiencies complemented by the generated data. We therefore introduce RailSyn, a diagnosis-guided framework comprising a real-referenced Inspector and a requirement-aligned Generator. The Inspector constructs a variable-radius empi

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