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Fathom-Vaidya: Advancing Medical Reasoning with Rubric-Based Rewards

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 21, 2026 · UTC

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare requires robust performance across two complementary dimensions - diagnostic reasoning: the convergent, evidence-driven task of inferring a patient's condition from clinical data to produce a diagnosis, and clinical healthcare reasoning: the broader, navigational judgment required to communicate, plan, and adapt across multi-turn clinical interactions where a single correct answer may not exist. Recent benchmarks such as HealthBench and MedXpertQA reveal persistent weaknesses in both areas, exposing failures in complex diagnostic scenarios a

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