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Machine learning-assisted calibration of Agent-based Models: surrogate-based optimization with Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 4, 2026 · UTC

Calibrating an agent-based model (ABM) is difficult because its objective landscape is stochastic and rugged, and can be evaluated only through costly black-box simulations. This study adapts inner-loop surrogate-assisted evolutionary computation (SAEC) to ABM calibration by embedding a machine-learning surrogate within genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimisation (PSO). At each iteration, the surrogate screens the candidates and the simulator validates only the top 50%, reducing simulation demand while correcting surrogate errors. We evaluate a full factorial of 48 configurations co

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