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Differentiable Electricity-Market Clearing for Gradient-Based Planning

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 2, 2026 · UTC

Planning a large data center is difficult because a facility big enough to matter changes the electricity prices it will pay. Those prices are set by market clearing, a constrained optimization problem solved anew in every operating condition. However, simulating the market tells a planner how a candidate plan performs but not how to improve it. Here we treat market clearing as a differentiable optimization layer: each forward pass solves the market, and reverse-mode automatic differentiation propagates the planning cost back through the cleared prices to the plan. After validating these gradi

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