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Equilibrium bias and convergence in augmented primal--dual dynamics with sampled constraints

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 12, 2026 · UTC

This work studies the stability and convergence of augmented primal-dual dynamics when constraint values are estimated from samples. Unbiased constraint observations can produce a biased augmented multiplier signal, shifting the equilibria of the mean dynamics. For componentwise inequalities, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for preserving the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) equilibria and construct a convex example with a locally exponentially stable equilibrium that violates complementarity. To address this bias, constraint values are estimated recursively before forming the augmented m

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First collected: 2026-09-20T12:41:04.663Z. This is not the publication date.