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Beyond Tokens: Probing Higher-Order Epistasis in Learned Protein Representations

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 24, 2026 · UTC

Protein fitness landscapes contain nonlinear interactions in which mutation effects depend on other residues. We introduce ORBIT, an Order-Resolved Benchmarking of Interaction Transformations framework that separates interaction presence, representation accessibility, and functional recovery. ORBIT first validates Walsh-based diagnostics on synthetic landscapes with known interaction order, then analyzes the experimentally measured GB1 fitness landscape under the FLIP 2-vs-rest setting. We compare ridge regression, a standard MLP, independent tokens, nonlinear independent tokens, and Residual

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First collected: 2026-09-21T10:22:00.206Z. This is not the publication date.