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Formal, Executable and Explainable Runtime Monitoring of Spoken Air Traffic Control Operational Procedures

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 26, 2026 · UTC

Air traffic control procedures are executed through spoken exchanges between controllers and pilots. These interactions are essential to the safety of air transportation: failures in their execution can create severe operational hazards, as evidenced by past fatal accidents. Assessing whether an instruction has been followed requires relating what was said to the aircraft concerned, its state, and the obligations that pilots must meet. We present a runtime verification framework that monitors such procedures by checking controller-pilot exchanges, surveillance data, and onboard observations. T

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