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Panda Diplomacy: Foundation Model Pre-training across Particle Imaging Detectors for High Energy and Nuclear Physics

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 1, 2026 · UTC

Foundation models are increasingly being pursued in particle and nuclear physics, but existing approaches remain strongly tied to individual experiments through detector-specific architectures or pre-training objectives, limiting their reuse across sensing modalities. We show that a point cloud self-distillation framework yields a substantially more general sensor-level pre-training recipe. We show that the same refined architecture and objective can be independently pre-trained with minimal changes on three qualitatively different detector modalities: liquid argon time projection chamber (LAr

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