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Grounding SWE-Agent Decisions in Architecture-0 Design: Navigating Unknown Unknowns through Physical Mapping

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 15, 2026 · UTC

Autonomous Software Engineering Agents (SWE-Agents) excel in deterministic coding tasks but struggle with Architecture 0, the nascent system design phase plagued by implicit engineering constraints, or Unknown Unknowns (UUs) that are rarely stated explicitly. To investigate how agents navigate UUs, we explore a progressive trajectory across pure-text self-play, tool-augmented feedback, and external physical mapping. Our empirical analysis reveals a cascading chain of failures. Pure-text reasoning inevitably devolves into polite consensus or plausible yet physically impossible fabrications. Att

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