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Operational Range Bounding in Spectroscopy: A Safety Cage Framework for Machine Learning Models

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 11, 2026 · UTC

Ensuring the reliability of black-box machine learning models in safety-critical space missions remains a significant challenge, particularly when ground-truth is unavailable for validation. Although machine learning models offer a powerful means to augment standard pipelines by extracting transmission spectra from complex exoplanetary light curves, their susceptibility to unmodelled instrument anomalies, stellar activity, and domain shifts introduces unquantified risks. This study evaluates a modular safety cage architecture that operates as a parallel monitoring layer to assess the validity

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