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RailGen: Improving Railway Intrusion Detection via Agent-Guided Small-Scale Foreign Object Generation

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 31, 2026 · UTC

Small-object detection under long-tailed data distributions is a fundamental yet challenging problem in multimedia. Railway Foreign Object Detection (RFOD) epitomizes this challenge with easily confused small intrusions and scarce samples. To address these issues, we propose a generative-augmented detection paradigm that leverages multimodal image generation to enrich the feature space of rare and small objects. We first construct RailGen, a multimodal image generation agent based on large models. Under semantic constraints, RailGen automatically invokes tools to generate railway scenes, calib

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