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Can Foundation Models Moderate Online Content? Evaluating Instruction- vs. Example-Driven Policy Operationalization

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 9, 2026 · UTC

The growing complexity of content moderation policies presents a critical challenge for their consistent operationalization. While foundation models possess the basic capabilities needed to confront this challenge, whether they can reliably moderate online content remains an unanswered question. In this paper, we systematically compare two competing paradigms for Vision-Language Model (VLM) guidance: an instruction-driven approach where models reason from policy precepts, and an example-driven approach where they generalize from prior precedents. We ground this investigation in ModerationBench

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-20T19:32:24.350Z. This is not the publication date.