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Semantic-Spatial Agreement Verification for Mitigating Object Hallucination in Multimodal Large Language Models

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 15, 2026 · UTC

Multimodal large language models generate natural-language responses from visual inputs, yet may mention objects absent from an image. In medication assistance, accessible perception, and environmental decision-making, such hallucinations can create real-world safety risks. We propose Semantic-Spatial Agreement Verification (SSAV), a training-free method for verifying object claims. A visually grounded claim should remain stable across semantically equivalent queries and repeatedly localize to the same image region. SSAV aggregates multiple prompts to estimate semantic support and reduce sensi

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-20T08:40:59.508Z. This is not the publication date.