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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in Computational Pathology: Definitions, Taxonomy, and Recommendations

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Aug 28, 2026 · UTC

Computational pathology (CompPath) is transforming medicine by leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to support diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment prediction from gigapixel whole-slide images. Clinical adoption is progressing, but is constrained by concerns about safety, accountability, and regulatory oversight in high-stakes clinical environments. Explainable AI (XAI) systems hold promise for building trust and enabling verification, yet the literature remains fragmented due to inconsistent terminology, overlapping methodological families, ad hoc validation, and current reviews.

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