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FCA-Guided Counterfactual Explanations for Multi-Modal Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Framework Achieving Perfect Validity with Emergent Sparsity

arXiv · Artificial Intelligence · article · Sep 17, 2026 · UTC

Deep learning models for multi-modal breast cancer diagnosis achieve high predictive accuracy but remain clinically unacceptable without actionable, counterfactual explanations. Attribution-based methods (LIME, SHAP) are categorically inapplicable to this purpose, as they generate no alternative instances and thus cannot be evaluated on counterfactual quality metrics. This investigation provides empirical evidence that FCA-Guided Counterfactual (FCA-CF) framework that uses a Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) concept lattice as a hard structural constraint on counterfactual search, operating over a

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-19T20:26:32.566Z. This is not the publication date.