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HPOQuest: A Rare-Disease Diagnostic Agent Using Active Phenotype Acquisition

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 16, 2026 · UTC

More than 300 million people worldwide are affected by one of over 7,000 known rare diseases, yet diagnosis remains difficult because patients initially present with incomplete and heterogeneous phenotypes. We present HPOQuest, a training-free framework for sequential phenotype acquisition in rare-disease diagnosis. Starting from a small set of observed patient phenotypes, HPOQuest maintains a probabilistic disease ranking and iteratively selects informative follow-up questions to support clinicians during patient assessment. Confirmed phenotypes update the disease ranking, while all responses

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-20T08:01:03.945Z. This is not the publication date.