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Large-scale bioacoustic detection using semantic segmentation: a deep learning framework applied to fin whale calls in ocean-bottom seismometer recordings

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 8, 2026 · UTC

Ocean-bottom seismometers (OBS), originally deployed for geophysical research, continuously record low-frequency sound for months to years across broad areas of ocean, offering a largely untapped resource for passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) of baleen whales. Realising this potential requires automated detection methods that operate reliably across the varied conditions in large sensor networks. We present a deep learning semantic segmentation framework that detects the 20-Hz notes of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in OBS spectrograms, assigning each pixel a probability of belonging to a

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