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BlueLM-GUI Technical Report: A Real-Device-Centric Flywheel for Self-Improving Mobile GUI Agents

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 11, 2026 · UTC

Mobile GUI agents are shifting from multi-module frameworks to native models trained end-to-end, yet industrial deployment faces three persistent gaps. Sandbox training produces a distribution mismatch with production environments; expensive real-device failures remain underutilized; and fixed benchmarks saturate, losing the power to guide iteration. We present BlueLM-GUI, a 35B-A3B mobile GUI agent built as a real-device-centric flywheel that closes these gaps through three principles. Every Sample Matters: a dual-track pipeline with Heterogeneous Triple-System Consensus evaluation and an Err

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