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Spot-the-shift: Evaluating Grounded Image Difference Captioning of Long-term Changes

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 9, 2026 · UTC

Long-term change understanding from images of the same place revisited over time is a challenging task with applications in map maintenance and urban infrastructure monitoring. Prior work addresses it either through pixel-level prediction or difference captioning, neither of which is sufficient to reliably measure how well models detect and describe such changes. We introduce SPOT-THE-SHIFT, a human-verified benchmark for grounded image difference captioning of long-term changes in real-world driving scenes. Our benchmark provides natural language captions and spatial masks for structural chan

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