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Discovery Foundation Models: Toward Open-Ended Discovery Intelligence

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 14, 2026 · UTC

Foundation models have progressed from learning and reasoning over existing knowledge, to increasingly learning through action, tool use, and outcome feedback. We argue that the next frontier is a further transition: from solving and acting within problems specified by humans to participating in the process by which new problems, representations, explanations, and knowledge are created. We refer to this capability as Discovery Intelligence. We formulate Discovery Foundation Models (DFMs) as general-purpose model systems for open-ended discovery. A DFM operates over a revisable research state a

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