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Politics of Feelings: Emotional Expression and Legislative Effectiveness in the U.S. Congress

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 9, 2026 · UTC

Emotions are a pervasive feature of political communication, yet existing research has focused primarily on describing patterns of emotional expression rather than examining whether they are associated with consequential legislative outcomes. We address this gap by investigating the expression and correlates of discrete emotions in more than 1.7 million speeches delivered in the U.S. Congress between 1973 and 2024. Using a transformer-based emotion classifier, we measure eight discrete emotions: anger, fear, disgust, sadness, joy, enthusiasm, pride, and hope. We examine how these emotions vary

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First collected: 2026-09-20T19:32:24.350Z. This is not the publication date.