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Reflect, Revise, Reuse: Training-Free Skill Evolution for GUI Agents

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 15, 2026 · UTC

GUI agents execute long-horizon tasks on dynamic graphical user interfaces, where pop-ups, delayed loads, and relocated widgets routinely invalidate plans fixed before execution. Recent agent-skill frameworks encapsulate reusable procedural knowledge to mitigate this, yet existing skill designs are largely developed without targeting GUI execution dynamics and treat skills as static artifacts produced before deployment rather than living procedural knowledge that improves through it. We argue that what GUI agents need is not better static skills, but skills that can be revised from execution f

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