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NObSP: Functional Decomposition of Neural Networks via Oblique Subspace Projections

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 15, 2026 · UTC

Understanding how deep neural networks make decisions remains a fundamental challenge. We present NObSP (Nonlinear Oblique Subspace Projections), a framework that decomposes predictions into explicit per feature contribution functions and an interaction residual. NObSP exploits the linear final layer of a trained network and uses oblique projections in sample space to reduce double counting when learned feature subspaces overlap, thereby supporting both local explanations and global functional analysis. We establish connections to functional ANOVA and the Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theor

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