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Reporting Practice Matters: The Impact of Reference Choice on Chest X-ray Report Evaluation

arXiv · Artificial Intelligence · article · Sep 16, 2026 · UTC

Radiologists follow heterogeneous reporting practices. Two radiologists examining the same image and identifying the same clinical findings might nevertheless compose superficially distinct reports, varying in terminology, shorthand, formatting, and level of detail. These variations in reporting norms represent an under-appreciated obstacle in efforts to evaluate AI-based radiology report generation (RRG) models, where machine-generated reports are typically assessed based on their concordance with human-generated references. In this paper, we quantify the sensitivity of established evaluation

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Evidence & attribution

First collected: 2026-09-19T20:26:32.566Z. This is not the publication date.