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Physics as the label for measuring and correcting materials reasoning in multimodal models

arXiv · AI, language, vision and robotics · article · Sep 10, 2026 · UTC

Vision-language and language models increasingly interpret materials data, yet benchmarks report that they hallucinate invalid properties and violate physical law. Evaluation matches final answers to scarce human labels, while discovery agents verify final proposals or density functional theory (DFT) execution. Neither measures the physical consistency of a model's reasoning chain. Materials data carries its own physics, making a large class of materials reasoning verifiable without annotation. We introduce MatPCR, a label-free benchmark whose programmatic oracles check diffraction geometry th

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