2026-09-20T23:22:28.549Z
- publishedAt:
Not provided→ 2024-01-19T00:00:00.000Z
SOURCE-LINKED INTELLIGENCE
Underground Market for LLMs Powers Malware and Phishing Scams
A study by Indiana University researchers uncovered widespread misuse of large language models (LLMs) for cybercrime. Cybercriminals, according to that study, use LLMs like OpenAI's GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 to create malware, phishing scams, and scam websites. These models are available on underground markets, often bypassing safety checks through jailbreaking. Named malicious LLMs are BadGPT, XXXGPT, Evil-GPT, WormGPT, FraudGPT, BLACKHATGPT, EscapeGPT, DarkGPT, and WolfGPT.
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- recordType
- incident-report
- evidenceStatus
- reported
- region
- Global
Reported occurrence date: 2023-12-01T00:00:00.000Z
Evidence & attribution
- AI Incident Database
- AI Incident Database · 2024-01-19T00:00:00.000Z
AI Incident Database, Responsible AI Collaborative; McGregor (2021), Preventing Repeated Real World AI Failures by Cataloging Incidents. Incident-specific contributor credits are available at each citation link. Metadata adapted; article text excluded.
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
First collected: 2026-09-19T22:50:59.123Z. This is not the publication date.
Observed changes
AIIC observation times, not verified publisher revision times. Up to eight recent revisions.